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1 | What habitats do microorganisms occupy on Earth? | Microorganisms have evolved and diversified to occupy virtually every habitat on Earth. You can find them in oceanic geothermal vents to the coldest Arctic ice. | Microbiology | Habitat of Microbes | 7 | 25 | 32 |
2 | What are some of the metabolic capabilities of microorganisms? | Some microorganisms carry out respiration in a similar manner to animals. Others perform photosynthesis, which rivals plants in the amount of carbon dioxide they capture, forming organic matter and releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. Other microbes are able to use inorganic molecules as sources of energy in both oxic and anoxic conditions. | Microbiology | Microbe Metabolism | 9 | 56 | 65 |
3 | Can you provide an example of a microorganism that uses photosynthesis? | An example of a microorganism that uses photosynthesis is Prochlorococcus, a cyanobacterium (formerly called a blue-green alga). Prochlorococcus is thought to be the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth and thus a major contributor to the functioning of the biosphere. | Microbiology | Microbe Metabolism | 11 | 39 | 50 |
4 | When it comes to space exploration, which type of microbes most interest the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)? | Astrobiologists at NASA are interested in identifying characteristics of a planet that may allow it to support life. Specifically, microbes that might have metabolic abilities to survive in anoxic conditions. | Microbiology | Astrobiology | 20 | 31 | 51 |
5 | What are some of the organisms and biological entities studied by microbiologists? | Microbiologists study cellular and acellular organisms. Cellular organisms include Fungi (Yeasts and Molds), Protists (Algae, Protozoa, Slime molds), Bacteria (Escherichia coli), and Archea (Methanogens). Acellular organisms include Viruses composed of protein and nucleic acid, Viroids composed of ribonucleic acid (RNA), Statellites composed of Nucleic acid, often RNA, and Prions composed of protein. | Microbiology | Cellular and Acellular Organisms | 12 | 52 | 64 |
6 | What is the definition of a microorganism? | Microorganisms are defined as those organisms and acellular biological entities too small to be seen clearly by the naked eye. They are generally 1 millimeter or less in diameter. However, it should be noted that the small size of microorganisms alone does not sufficiently define them. For example, bread molds can often be seen without the use of microscopes. | Microbiology | Definitions in Microbiology | 7 | 59 | 66 |
7 | What are some of the challenges for microbial taxonomists when it comes to defining a microorganism? | The diversity of microorganisms has been the main source of challenge for microbial taxonomists. Some microbes are motile like animals but also have cell walls like and are photosynthetic like plants. Hence, such microbes can't be easily placed into either the animal or plant kingdoms. A notable breakthrough in microbial taxonomy is when studies arose around their cellular architecture which showed that cells exhibited one of two 'floor plans'. That is what came to be called as prokaryotic cells, and eukaryotic cells. | Microbiology | Microbial Taxonomy | 16 | 82 | 98 |
8 | Compare the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? | Prokaryotic cells are organisms with a primordial nucleus, that is their contents are not divided into compartments by membranes. The most obvious characteristics of these cells is that they lack the membrane-delimited nucleous which is observed in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells not only have a nucleus but also many other membrane-bound organelles that separate some cellular materials and processes from others. | Microbiology | Definitions in Microbiology | 10 | 61 | 71 |
9 | What is the definition of a bacteria? | The members of the domain Bacteria are usually single-celled organisms. Most have cell walls that contain the structural molecule peptidoglycan. It should be noted that although most bacteria exhibit typical prokaryotic cell structure (i.e., they lack a membrane-bound nucleus), a few members of the unusual phylum Plantomycetes have their genetic material surrounded by a membrane. | Microbiology | Definitions in Microbiology | 7 | 55 | 62 |
10 | Where can bacteria be found? | Bacteria can be found everywhere. Bacteria is abundant in soil, water, and air. They can even be found in places with extreme temperatures, pH, or salinity. Bacteria are also inhabitants of human skin, mouth, and intestines. It is said that more microbial cells are found in and on the human body than there are human cells. These microbes begin to colonize the human body shortly after birth. Once the microbes are established in and on the human body they contribute to the development of the body's immune system. For example, the microbes that inhabit the large intestine help the body digest food and produce vitamins. Microbes are an essential part of maintaining the health and well-being of their human hosts. | Microbiology | Bacteria | 5 | 120 | 125 |
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