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ESCO

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11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	12	Administrative and Commercial Managers	Administrative and commercial managers plan, organize, direct, control and coordinate the financial, administrative, human resource, policy, planning, research and development, advertising, public relations, and sales and marketing activities of enterprises and organizations, or of enterprises that provide such services to other enterprises and organizations. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	122	Sales, Marketing and Development Managers	1223	Research and Development Managers	Research and development managers plan, direct and coordinate the research and development activities of an enterprise or organization or of enterprises that provide related services to other enterprises and organizations.	[ "1", "12", "122", "1223" ]	[ "Managers", "Administrative and Commercial Managers", "Sales, Marketing and Development Managers", "Research and Development Managers" ]	1223.1	[ "product development manager", "product manager", "research and development manager", "product marketing manager", "product developer", "sports product engineer" ]	product manager	Product managers are responsible for managing the lifecycle of a product. They research and develop new products in addition to managing existing ones through market research and strategic planning. Product managers perform marketing and planning activities to increase profits.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	332	Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers	3324	Trade Brokers	Trade brokers buy and sell commodities and shipping services, usually in bulk, on behalf of their own company or for customers on a commission basis.	[ "3", "33", "332", "3324" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers", "Trade Brokers" ]	3324.4.8	[ "business to business sales consultant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "assistant wholesale merchant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "wholesaler in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "senior wholesale merchant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "trainee wholesale merchant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "wholesale merchandiser in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "B2B sales consultant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "business to business seller in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "wholesale merchant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "graduate wholesale merchant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "wholesale trader in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software", "wholesale buyer in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software" ]	wholesale merchant in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software	Wholesale merchants in computers, computer peripheral equipment and software investigate potential wholesale buyers and suppliers and match their needs. They conclude trades involving large quantities of goods.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	75	Food Processing, Woodworking, Garment and Other Craft and Related Trades Workers	Food processing, woodworking, garment and other craft and related trades workers treat and process agricultural and fisheries raw materials into food and other products, and produce and repair goods made of wood, textiles, fur, leather or other materials. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organization, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	754	Other Craft and Related Workers	7543	Product Graders and Testers (excluding Foods and Beverages)	Product graders and testers (except foods and beverages) inspect, test, sort, sample and weigh raw materials, manufactured components and non-comestible goods produced or sold, to ensure compliance with quality standards and to identify defects, wear, and deviations from specifications, and to grade and classify them according to their quality.	[ "7", "75", "754", "7543" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Food Processing, Woodworking, Garment and Other Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Other Craft and Related Workers", "Product Graders and Testers (excluding Foods and Beverages)" ]	7543.9.3	[ "metal fabrication supervisor", "mechanical supervisor", "metal product quality control inspector", "metal production manager", "metal production overseer", "melter supervisor", "metal grading technician", "metal nondestructive testing technician", "metal quality superintendent", "metal fabricating supervisor", "metal testing technician", "metal quality control superintendent", "testing specialist for weapons and ammunition" ]	metal product quality control inspector	Metal product quality control inspectors perform preventive and operational quality control on the metal products. They examine the materials at various stages to make sure it conforms to the desired standard, test the products, and send them back for repair if necessary.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	31	Science and Engineering Associate Professionals	Science and engineering associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with research and operational methods in science and engineering. They supervise and control technical and operational aspects of mining, manufacturing, construction and other engineering operations, and operate technical equipment including aircraft and ships. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	313	Process Control Technicians	3131	Power Production Plant Operators	Power production plant operators operate, monitor and maintain switchboards and related equipment in electrical control centres which control the production and distribution of electrical or other power in transmission networks. The equipment operated includes reactors, turbines, generators and other auxiliary equipment in electrical power generating stations.	[ "3", "31", "313", "3131" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Science and Engineering Associate Professionals", "Process Control Technicians", "Power Production Plant Operators" ]	3131.3.5	[ "hydroelectric plant operator", "hydro-power plant operative", "hydroelectric plant operative", "hydro plant operative", "hydro plant worker", "hydroelectric power plant technician", "hydropower plant technician", "hydro-power plant technician", "hydro-power plant worker", "hydroelectric plant worker", "hydropower plant operator", "hydropower plant operative", "hydro-power plant operator", "hydropower plant worker" ]	hydroelectric plant operator	Hydroelectric plant operators operate and maintain the equipment used in the production of energy from the movement of water. They monitor the measuring equipment, assess the production needs, and adapt the water flow to meet these needs. They also perform repairs and maintenance duties.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	812	Metal Processing and Finishing Plant Operators	8121	Metal Processing Plant Operators	Metal processing plant operators, monitor, operate, adjust and maintain single-function process machinery and equipment to process and convert mineral ores and refine, harden, roll and extrude metals.	[ "8", "81", "812", "8121" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Metal Processing and Finishing Plant Operators", "Metal Processing Plant Operators" ]	8121.7	[ "wire mesh operator", "wire worker", "wire bending operator", "wire weaving operative", "wire winding machine operator", "wire winding machine operative", "wire weaving operator", "wire weaving loom operative", "wire preparation weaving operative", "wire worker apprentice", "wire weaving machine operator", "wire mesh knitter", "wire weaving loom operator", "wire bender", "wire preparation weaving operator" ]	wire weaving machine operator	Wire weaving machine operators set up and tend wire weaving machines, designed to produce woven metal wire cloth out of the alloys or ductile metal that can be drawn into wire.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	26	Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals	Legal, social and cultural professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; or apply knowledge relating to the law, storage and retrieval of information and artefacts, psychology, social welfare, politics, economics, history, religion, languages, sociology, other social sciences, and arts and entertainment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	263	Social and Religious Professionals	2635	Social Work and Counselling Professionals	Social work and counselling professionals provide advice and guidance to individuals, families, groups, communities and organizations in response to social and personal difficulties. They assist clients to develop skills and access resources and support services needed to respond to issues arising from unemployment, poverty, disability, addiction, criminal and delinquent behaviour, and marital and other problems.	[ "2", "26", "263", "2635" ]	[ "Professionals", "Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals", "Social and Religious Professionals", "Social Work and Counselling Professionals" ]	2635.3.17	[ "care coordinator (mental health)", "social worker (mental health)", "care coordinator", "approved mental health professional", "mental health social worker", "mental health community social worker", "mental health gateway worker", "mental health advocate", "mental health social support worker" ]	mental health social worker	Mental health social workers assist and provide counselling to people with mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems. They focus on providing personalised support to cases and monitor the recovery process of their clients by providing therapy, crisis intervention, client advocacy and education. Mental health social workers may contribute to mental health services improvement and mental health outcomes for citizens.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	24	Business and Administration Professionals	Business and administration professionals perform analytical, conceptual and practical tasks to provide services in financial matters, human resource development, public relations, marketing and sales in the technical, medical, information and communication technology areas; and conduct, reviews of organizational structures, methods and systems as well as quantitative analyses of information affecting investment programmes. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	241	Finance Professionals	2413	Financial Analysts	Financial analysts conduct quantitative analyses of information affecting investment programmes of public or private institutions.	[ "2", "24", "241", "2413" ]	[ "Professionals", "Business and Administration Professionals", "Finance Professionals", "Financial Analysts" ]	2413.2	[ "middle office associate", "middle office analyst", "middle office junior manager", "middle office regulatory reform analyst", "middle office risk and control analyst", "middle office specialist", "transaction reporting specialist", "structured products middle office analyst", "senior analyst-control", "middle office senior manager", "derivatives middle office analyst" ]	middle office analyst	Middle office analysts work in the treasury of a financial company, ensuring compliance with company policy and legislation, providing research and analysis on financial matters, measuring risk and supporting operations in the front office.	en
99	Elementary Occupations	Elementary occupations involve the performance of simple and routine tasks which may require the use of hand-held tools and considerable physical effort. Most occupations in this major group require skills at the first ISCO skill level.	93	Labourers in Mining, Construction, Manufacturing and Transport	Labourers in mining, construction, manufacturing and transport perform simple and routine manual tasks in mining, quarrying, civil engineering, building, manufacturing, transport and storage operations, and operate human-powered and animal-drawn vehicles and machinery. Most occupations in this sub-major group require skills at the first ISCO skill level.	933	Transport and Storage Labourers	9333	Freight Handlers	Freight handlers carry out tasks such as packing, carrying, loading and unloading furniture and other household items, or loading and unloading ship and aircraft cargoes and other freight, or carrying and stacking goods in various warehouses.	[ "9", "93", "933", "9333" ]	[ "Elementary Occupations", "Labourers in Mining, Construction, Manufacturing and Transport", "Transport and Storage Labourers", "Freight Handlers" ]	9333.2	[ "bulk station operator", "distribution centre operator", "distribution center dispatcher", "distribution center operator", "product dispatcher", "bulk station dispatcher", "manufactured goods dispatcher", "distribution centeredispatcher", "dispatcher at distribution centre" ]	distribution centre dispatcher	Distribution centre dispatchers ensure efficient shipping of manufactured goods. They stipulate routes and complete shipping documents.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	811	Mining and Mineral Processing Plant Operators	8113	Well Drillers and Borers and Related Workers	Well drillers and borers and related workers position, assemble and operate drilling machinery and related equipment to sink wells, extract rock samples, liquids and gases or for a variety of other purposes.	[ "8", "81", "811", "8113" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Mining and Mineral Processing Plant Operators", "Well Drillers and Borers and Related Workers" ]	8113.7	[ "toolpushers", "rig manager", "pusher", "tool pusher", "toolpusher", "oil and gas rigging technician" ]	tool pusher	Tool pushers assume responsibility over daily drilling operations. They do mostly administrative work. Tool pushers ensure that the oil rig has sufficient materials, spare parts and enough personnel to continue with the daily operations. They conduct drilling activities in accordance with scheduled programme, supervising drilling crew and equipment.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	814	Rubber, Plastic and Paper Products Machine Operators	8142	Plastic Products Machine Operators	Products machine operators monitor and operate machines which knead and blend compounds to obtain plastic materials and which make various plastic components and articles.	[ "8", "81", "814", "8142" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Rubber, Plastic and Paper Products Machine Operators", "Plastic Products Machine Operators" ]	8142.5	[ "fiberglass-spraying machine operator", "lead machine operator", "fibreglass-spraying machine operator", "operator of fibreglass-spraying machine", "operator of fiberglass-spraying machine", "fiberglass machine operator", "fibreglass spraying machine technician" ]	fibreglass machine operator	Fibreglass machine operators control and maintain the machine that sprays a mix of resin and glass fibers onto products such as bathtubs or boat hulls to obtain strong and lightweight composite end-products.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	31	Science and Engineering Associate Professionals	Science and engineering associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with research and operational methods in science and engineering. They supervise and control technical and operational aspects of mining, manufacturing, construction and other engineering operations, and operate technical equipment including aircraft and ships. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	312	Mining, Manufacturing and Construction Supervisors	3123	Construction Supervisors	Construction supervisors, coordinate, supervise and schedule the activities of workers engaged in the construction and repair of buildings and structures.	[ "3", "31", "312", "3123" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Science and Engineering Associate Professionals", "Mining, Manufacturing and Construction Supervisors", "Construction Supervisors" ]	3123.1.6	[ "scaffold erection foreman", "construction scaffolding supervisor", "scaffolding foreman", "construction scaffolding foreman", "access platform erection supervisor", "foreman scaffolder", "scaffolding supervisor" ]	construction scaffolding supervisor	Construction scaffolding supervisors plan and supervise the transport, assembly, disassembly and maintenance of the structures. They also ensure the safety of the scaffolds, support structures, access ladders and fenders.	en
11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	12	Administrative and Commercial Managers	Administrative and commercial managers plan, organize, direct, control and coordinate the financial, administrative, human resource, policy, planning, research and development, advertising, public relations, and sales and marketing activities of enterprises and organizations, or of enterprises that provide such services to other enterprises and organizations. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	122	Sales, Marketing and Development Managers	1223	Research and Development Managers	Research and development managers plan, direct and coordinate the research and development activities of an enterprise or organization or of enterprises that provide related services to other enterprises and organizations.	[ "1", "12", "122", "1223" ]	[ "Managers", "Administrative and Commercial Managers", "Sales, Marketing and Development Managers", "Research and Development Managers" ]	1223.2.2	[ "head of laboratory", "research manager", "research scientist", "head laboratory analyst", "scientific research director", "principal research scientist", "scientific director", "chief science officer" ]	research manager	Research managers oversee the research and development functions of a research facility or program or university. They support the executive staff, coordinate work activities, and monitor staff and research projects. They may work in a wide array of sectors, such as the chemical, technical and life sciences sector. Research managers can also advise on research and execute research themselves.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	26	Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals	Legal, social and cultural professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; or apply knowledge relating to the law, storage and retrieval of information and artefacts, psychology, social welfare, politics, economics, history, religion, languages, sociology, other social sciences, and arts and entertainment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	263	Social and Religious Professionals	2632	Sociologists, Anthropologists and Related Professionals	Sociologists, anthropologists and related professionals investigate and describe the structure, origin and evolution of societies and the interdependence between environmental conditions and human activities. They provide advice on the practical application of their findings in the formulation of economic and social policies.	[ "2", "26", "263", "2632" ]	[ "Professionals", "Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals", "Social and Religious Professionals", "Sociologists, Anthropologists and Related Professionals" ]	2632.6	[ "sociology research analyst", "rural sociology analyst", "rural sociology scholar", "rural sociology research scientist", "rural sociologist", "economic sociology analyst", "urban sociology scientist", "gerontologist", "rural sociology science researcher", "economic sociology science researcher", "economic sociology scholar", "urban sociology analyst", "sociology scientist", "economic sociology scientist", "intercultural communications adviser", "sociologist", "family and consumer science researcher", "rural sociology scientist", "urban sociology research analyst", "sociology science researcher", "sociology researcher", "urban sociology research scientist", "sociologists", "urban sociologist", "urban sociology science researcher", "sociology research scientist", "economic sociologist", "sociology scholar", "urban sociology researcher", "urban sociology scholar", "economic sociology research scientist", "sociology analyst", "rural sociology researcher", "law sociologist", "economic sociology research analyst", "rural sociology research analyst", "economic sociology researcher" ]	sociologist	Sociologists focus their research on explaining social behaviour and the way people have organised themselves as a society. They research and explain the way societies have evolved by describing their legal, political, and economic systems and their cultural expressions.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	73	Handicraft and Printing Workers	Handicraft and printing workers combine artistic and manual skills to design, produce, maintain and decorate precision instruments, musical instruments, jewellery and other precious-metals, pottery, porcelain and glassware, items made of wood or textile, leather or related materials, and printed products such as books, newspapers and magazines. They apply traditional and/or recently developed techniques to carve, mould, assemble, weave and decorate various articles; to compose and set type prior to printing; to set up and operate printing presses; to bind and finish printed products; and to prepare stencils and operate screen printing equipment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work may be carried out by hand or involve the use of hand tools, hand-held power tools and in some cases the set-up and operation of machinery and machine tools. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organisation, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	731	Handicraft Workers	7311	Precision-instrument Makers and Repairers	Precision-instrument makers and repairers make, calibrate, repair, maintain, adjust and install mechanical watches and clocks, and nautical, meteorological, optical and other precision instruments and equipment, and set them for correct performance.	[ "7", "73", "731", "7311" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Handicraft and Printing Workers", "Handicraft Workers", "Precision-instrument Makers and Repairers" ]	7311.3	[ "optical instruments technician", "optical instrument engineer", "ophthalmic instrument repairer", "optical instrument technician", "binoculars repairer", "optical instruments repairer", "telescope repairer", "optical instrument servicer", "ophthalmic instruments repairer", "telescopes repairer", "optical instrument worker", "optical instrument repairer", "optical instruments worker", "binocular repairer", "optical instruments servicer", "optical instruments engineer" ]	optical instrument repairer	Optical instrument repairers repair optical instruments, such as microscopes, telescopes, camera optics, and compasses. They test the instruments to ensure they function properly. In a military context they also read blueprints to be able to repair the instruments.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	72	Metal, Machinery and Related Trades Workers	Metal, machinery and related trades workers cast, weld, forge and, by other methods, form metal; erect, maintain and repair heavy metal structures; engage in machine-tool setting as well as in fitting, maintaining and repairing machinery, including engines, vehicles, or they produce tools and various non-precious-metal articles. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organisation, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	721	Sheet and Structural Metal Workers, Moulders and Welders, and Related Workers	7213	Sheet Metal Workers	Sheet metal workers make, install and repair articles and parts of articles made out of sheet metal such as sheet steel, copper, tin, brass, aluminium, zinc or galvanised iron.	[ "7", "72", "721", "7213" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Metal, Machinery and Related Trades Workers", "Sheet and Structural Metal Workers, Moulders and Welders, and Related Workers", "Sheet Metal Workers" ]	7213.4	[ "duct fabricator", "fabricator/welder", "roofing fabricator", "sheet-metal worker", "sheet metal fabricator", "sheet metal worker", "construction fabricator" ]	sheet metal worker	Sheet metal workers in construction use sheet metal to construct roofs, ducts for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning, gutters and other metal structures. They read plans and determine the type and amount of materials to be used, then measure, bend, cut, shape, and attach pieces of sheet metal to create the required structure.	en
55	Services And Sales Workers	Service and sales workers provide personal and protective services related to travel, housekeeping, catering, personal care, or protection against fire and unlawful acts, or demonstrate and sell goods in wholesale or retail shops and similar establishments, as well as at stalls and on markets. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	54	Protective Services Workers	Protective services workers protect individuals and property against fire and other hazards, maintain law and order and enforce laws and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	541	Protective Services Workers	5414	Security Guards	Security guards patrol or monitor premises to guard property against theft and vandalism. They control access to establishments and maintain order and enforce regulations at public events and within establishments.	[ "5", "54", "541", "5414" ]	[ "Services And Sales Workers", "Protective Services Workers", "Protective Services Workers", "Security Guards" ]	5414.1	[ "corporate security guard", "security chief", "plant security guard", "security professional", "event security guard", "security manager", "security supervisor", "garage security guard", "pre-boarding security guard", "parks guardian", "cemetery guard", "security guard", "airport security guard", "stadium guard", "garden guardian", "building security guard" ]	security guard	Security guards observe, detect irregularities and protect people, buildings and assets. They maintain security at all times by patrolling designated property areas, controlling access at entrances, watching alarm and video recording systems, asking suspicious individuals for identification and reporting infractions and law breaching activities.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	26	Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals	Legal, social and cultural professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; or apply knowledge relating to the law, storage and retrieval of information and artefacts, psychology, social welfare, politics, economics, history, religion, languages, sociology, other social sciences, and arts and entertainment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	261	Legal Professionals	2619	Legal Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers legal professionals not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 261: Legal professionals. For instance, the group includes those who perform legal functions other than pleading or prosecuting cases or presiding over judicial proceedings.	[ "2", "26", "261", "2619" ]	[ "Professionals", "Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals", "Legal Professionals", "Legal Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	2619.7	[ "city legal advisor", "legal nurse consultant", "legal consultant", "legal adviser", "business law consultant", "legal advisor", "city legal adviser" ]	legal consultant	Legal consultants advise a varied array of clients ranging from business, individuals, up to legal firms. They provide legal advisory outside courtrooms in relation to legal affairs which depend on the nature of the client. They advise in matters such as merging of multinationals, housing purchase, modification of contracts and its implications. They help clients in general to abide by the regulations and avoid committing illegal acts.	en
55	Services And Sales Workers	Service and sales workers provide personal and protective services related to travel, housekeeping, catering, personal care, or protection against fire and unlawful acts, or demonstrate and sell goods in wholesale or retail shops and similar establishments, as well as at stalls and on markets. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	51	Personal Services Workers	Personal service workers provide personal services related to travel, housekeeping, catering and hospitality, hairdressing and beauty treatment, animal care grooming and training, companionship and other services of a personal nature. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	511	Travel Attendants, Conductors and Guides	5112	Transport Conductors	Transport conductors check and issue tickets and ensure the safety and comfort of passengers on trains, trams, buses and other public transport vehicles.	[ "5", "51", "511", "5112" ]	[ "Services And Sales Workers", "Personal Services Workers", "Travel Attendants, Conductors and Guides", "Transport Conductors" ]	5112.1	[ "train crew supervisor", "conductor crew supervisor", "train chief conductor", "chief guard", "chief conductor", "train conductor", "train conductors supervisor", "chief train conductor" ]	chief conductor	Chief conductors are responsible for the safe performance of all operational tasks on board of passenger trains outside the drivers cab, such as supervising safe opening and closing of the train's doors. They supervise and ensure the continuous care for the safety of passengers, especially in the case of technical incidents and emergency situations. They ensure the operational communication to the driver and to traffic control staff as defined in operational regulations. In case of several staff members attending the train, they supervise the team of conductors. They also carry out commercial activities such as ticket control and selling, and provide support and information to passengers as well as gastronomic services.	en
11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	13	Production and Specialized Services Managers	Production and specialized services managers plan direct and coordinate the production of the goods and the provision of the specialized professional and technical services provided by an enterprise or organization either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers. They are responsible for manufacturing, mining, construction, logistics, information and communications technology operations, for large scale agricultural, forestry and fisheries operations, and for the provision of health, education, social welfare, banking, insurance and other professional and technical services. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	132	Manufacturing, Mining, Construction and Distribution Managers	1324	Supply, Distribution and Related Managers	Supply, distribution and related managers plan, direct and coordinate passenger transportation systems and facilities and the supply, transportation, storage and distribution of goods, either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers.	[ "1", "13", "132", "1324" ]	[ "Managers", "Production and Specialized Services Managers", "Manufacturing, Mining, Construction and Distribution Managers", "Supply, Distribution and Related Managers" ]	1324.8.2.1	[ "hide purchasing expediter", "skin, wet-blue, crust purchasing manager", "leather raw materials procurement manager", "leather raw materials purchasing managers", "leather raw materials purchasing manager", "leather raw materials purchase officer", "hide raw materials purchasing executive", "leather raw materials buyer", "leather purchasing and inventory co-ordinator", "hide purchasing manager", "leather raw materials purchaser" ]	leather raw materials purchasing manager	Leather raw materials purchasing managers plan and purchase supplies of hides, skins, wet-blue or crust in coordination with the production requirements. They negotiate processes and forecast the levels of demand for products to meet business needs and keep constant check on stock levels and quality to maximise business efficiency. They identify potential suppliers, visit existing suppliers, and develop business relationships with them.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	83	Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators	Drivers and mobile plant operators drive and tend trains and motor vehicles, or drive, operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment, or execute deck duties on board ship and other water-borne craft. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	833	Heavy Truck and Bus Drivers	8332	Heavy Truck and Lorry Drivers	Heavy-truck and lorry drivers drive and tend heavy motor vehicles to transport goods, liquids and heavy materials over short or long distances.	[ "8", "83", "833", "8332" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators", "Heavy Truck and Bus Drivers", "Heavy Truck and Lorry Drivers" ]	8332.6	[ "animal conveyance", "animal transporter", "animal transport service", "animal carriage", "animal travel provider", "live animal transporter", "animal travel service" ]	live animal transporter	Live animal transporters provide transport and transfer for live animals, including the monitoring of the health and welfare of animals, the planning of, and preparation for journeys, and loading and unloading of animals, according to national and international legislation.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	812	Metal Processing and Finishing Plant Operators	8121	Metal Processing Plant Operators	Metal processing plant operators, monitor, operate, adjust and maintain single-function process machinery and equipment to process and convert mineral ores and refine, harden, roll and extrude metals.	[ "8", "81", "812", "8121" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Metal Processing and Finishing Plant Operators", "Metal Processing Plant Operators" ]	8121.6	[ "box spring maker", "spring making machine operative", "spring maker", "extension spring maker", "clock spring maker", "torsion spring maker", "wire coiler spring maker setter", "wire coiler spring maker operator", "compression spring maker", "spring making machine tender", "spring making machine operator", "wire coiler spring maker", "springer", "spring assembling operator", "wire coiler spring maker operative", "wire coiler spring making operative", "wire coiler spring maker tender setter", "coil spring maker", "spring assembler", "spring setting operator", "spring making machine setter", "tension spring maker", "leaf spring maker", "spring setter", "coiler" ]	spring maker	Spring makers operate a variety of equipment and machinery designed to manufacture different types of spring, including leaf, coil, torsion, clock, tension, and extension spring.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	26	Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals	Legal, social and cultural professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; or apply knowledge relating to the law, storage and retrieval of information and artefacts, psychology, social welfare, politics, economics, history, religion, languages, sociology, other social sciences, and arts and entertainment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	261	Legal Professionals	2611	Lawyers	Lawyers give clients legal advice on a wide variety of subjects, draw up legal documents, represent clients before administrative boards or tribunals and plead cases or conduct prosecutions in courts of justice, or instruct barristers to plead in higher courts of justice.	[ "2", "26", "261", "2611" ]	[ "Professionals", "Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals", "Legal Professionals", "Lawyers" ]	2611.1.2	[ "crown prosecutor", "public prosecutor", "prosecutor", "state attorney", "prosecuting attorney" ]	prosecutor	Prosecutors represent governmental bodies and the general public in court cases against parties accused of illegal activity. They investigate the court cases by examining evidence, interviewing involved parties, and interpreting the law. They use the results of their investigation in order to present the case during court hearings, and to construct persuasive arguments in order to ensure the outcome is the most favourable for the parties they represent.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	332	Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers	3324	Trade Brokers	Trade brokers buy and sell commodities and shipping services, usually in bulk, on behalf of their own company or for customers on a commission basis.	[ "3", "33", "332", "3324" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers", "Trade Brokers" ]	3324.4.26	[ "wholesale merchant in office machinery and equipment" ]	wholesale merchant in office machinery and equipment	Wholesale merchants in office machinery and equipment investigate potential wholesale buyers and suppliers and match their needs. They conclude trades involving large quantities of goods.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	22	Health Professionals	Health professionals conduct research; improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; and apply scientific knowledge relating to medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, pharmacy, and promotion of health. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	225	Veterinarians	2250	Veterinarians	Veterinarians diagnose, prevent and treat diseases, injuries and dysfunctions of animals. They may provide care to a wide range of animals or specialize in the treatment of a particular animal group or in a particular specialty area, or provide professional services to commercial firms producing biological and pharmaceutical products.	[ "2", "22", "225", "2250" ]	[ "Professionals", "Health Professionals", "Veterinarians", "Veterinarians" ]	2250.2	[ "veterinary osteopathic therapist", "veterinary osteopath", "animal osteopath", "animal ostepathic therapist", "animal osteopaths" ]	animal osteopath	Animal osteopaths provide a therapeutic treatment following veterinary diagnosis or referral. They concentrate on the application of treatment techniques using manipulation of the body tissues to resolve strain and injury in animals in accordance with national legislation.	en
55	Services And Sales Workers	Service and sales workers provide personal and protective services related to travel, housekeeping, catering, personal care, or protection against fire and unlawful acts, or demonstrate and sell goods in wholesale or retail shops and similar establishments, as well as at stalls and on markets. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	54	Protective Services Workers	Protective services workers protect individuals and property against fire and other hazards, maintain law and order and enforce laws and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	541	Protective Services Workers	5419	Protective Services Workers Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers protective services workers not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 541: Protective Services Workers. For instance, the unit group includes lifeguards, crossing guards and animal control officers.	[ "5", "54", "541", "5419" ]	[ "Services And Sales Workers", "Protective Services Workers", "Protective Services Workers", "Protective Services Workers Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	5419.3	[ "coastguard rescue officer", "coastguard officer", "coastguard watch officer", "coastguard", "maritime and coastguard officer" ]	coastguard watch officer	Coastguard watch officers patrol and survey coast and sea regions to prevent accidents, as well as perform search and rescue missions in the event of an emergency. They react to emergency calls, advise on safety procedures, and prevent accidents and illegal activity at sea. Coastguard watch officers investigate shipping activities and aid during pollution incidents and in flood relief.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	26	Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals	Legal, social and cultural professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; or apply knowledge relating to the law, storage and retrieval of information and artefacts, psychology, social welfare, politics, economics, history, religion, languages, sociology, other social sciences, and arts and entertainment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	263	Social and Religious Professionals	2635	Social Work and Counselling Professionals	Social work and counselling professionals provide advice and guidance to individuals, families, groups, communities and organizations in response to social and personal difficulties. They assist clients to develop skills and access resources and support services needed to respond to issues arising from unemployment, poverty, disability, addiction, criminal and delinquent behaviour, and marital and other problems.	[ "2", "26", "263", "2635" ]	[ "Professionals", "Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals", "Social and Religious Professionals", "Social Work and Counselling Professionals" ]	2635.3.21	[ "prison department social worker", "parole officer", "probation officer", "probation services officer" ]	probation officer	Probation officers supervise offenders after their release, or who were sentenced to penalties outside of incarceration. They write reports providing advice on the offender's sentence and analysis concerning possibilities of reoffense. They aid the offenders during the rehabilitation and reintegration process and ensure the offenders carry out their community service sentence when necessary.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	815	Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators	8154	Bleaching, Dyeing and Fabric Cleaning Machine Operators	Bleaching, dyeing and fabric cleaning machine operators operate and monitor machines that bleach, shrink, dye and otherwise treat fibres, yarn or cloth.	[ "8", "81", "815", "8154" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators", "Bleaching, Dyeing and Fabric Cleaning Machine Operators" ]	8154.3	[ "beam dye operator", "textile color formulator", "package dyer", "dye colorist", "textile dye operator", "textile colourist dyer", "dyeing machine tender", "textile dye colourist", "cloth dyer", "fabric dyer", "beam dyer", "textile dye colorist", "textile dyer", "textile colorist dyer" ]	textile dyer	Textile dyers tend dye machines making sure that the setting of machines are in place. They prepare chemicals, dyes, dye baths and solutions according to formulas. They make samples by dyeing textiles and calculating the necessary formulas and dyes upon all kind of yarn and textiles.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	333	Business Services Agents	3331	Clearing and Forwarding Agents	Clearing and forwarding agents carry out customs clearing procedures and ensure that insurance, export/import licences and other formalities are in order.	[ "3", "33", "333", "3331" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Business Services Agents", "Clearing and Forwarding Agents" ]	3331.1	[ "clearing agent", "shipping agent", "customs clearance agent", "customs and excise officer", "export documentation officer", "customs broker", "customs agent" ]	customs and excise officer	Customs and excise officers approve or deny the passage of goods through customs barriers for international business and ensure compliance with consignment legislation. They facilitate communication between import and export trading institutions and government officials, and are responsible for taxation calculation and ensuring payment.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	21	Science and Engineering Professionals	Science and engineering professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods, or apply scientific knowledge relating to fields such as physics, astronomy, meteorology, chemistry, geophysics, geology, biology, ecology, pharmacology, medicine, mathematics, statistics, architecture, engineering, design and technology. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	214	Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology)	2142	Civil Engineers	Civil engineers conduct research, advise on, design, and direct construction; manage the operation and maintenance of civil engineering structures; or study and advise on technological aspects of particular materials.	[ "2", "21", "214", "2142" ]	[ "Professionals", "Science and Engineering Professionals", "Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology)", "Civil Engineers" ]	2142.1.4	[ "construction geologist", "geological technology engineering consultant", "geological technology engineer", "geological engineering adviser", "site geological consultant", "geological technology engineering expert", "geological technology engineering specialist", "geological engineering specialist", "geologic engineer", "geotechnical engineer", "soil analyst", "geological technology engineering adviser", "geological engineering expert", "geological engineering consultant", "geological engineer" ]	geological engineer	Geological engineers apply geological knowledge for the assessment of sites, soils, slope stability, sediments and other observable characteristics in the Earth. They integrate this information in the planning and development of projects in those places. They assess and answer questions concerning the geological characteristics of soils by performing research and experiments on the sites aimed to be intervened.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	333	Business Services Agents	3334	Real Estate Agents and Property Managers	Real estate agents and property managers arrange the sale, purchase, rental and lease of real property, usually on behalf of clients and on a commission basis.	[ "3", "33", "333", "3334" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Business Services Agents", "Real Estate Agents and Property Managers" ]	3334.4	[ "commercial leasing manager", "commercial real estate manager", "leasing administration manager", "lease operator", "real estate leasing manager", "property leasing coordinator", "leasing administrator", "real estate rental and management manager", "manager of leasing activities", "commercial leasing administrator", "leasing manager", "property leasing manager" ]	real estate leasing manager	Real estate leasing managers set up the lease or rental efforts of an apartment community and properties not in co-ownership and also manage the leasing staff. They produce, track and manage file leasing deposits and documents. They oversee the lease administration and prepare tenancy budgets on an annual and monthly basis. They also actively promote the vacancies available in order to get new residents, show properties to potential tenants and are present to conclude contracts between landlords and tenants when dealing with private property.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	71	Building and Related Trades Workers (excluding Electricians)	Building and related trades workers construct, maintain and repair buildings, erect and repair foundations, walls and structures of brick, stone and similar materials; shape and finish stone for building and other purposes. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organization, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	713	Painters, Building Structure Cleaners and Related Trades Workers	7132	Spray Painters and Varnishers	Spray painters and varnishers operate spray painting and varnishing equipment to apply protective coatings to manufactured items or structures.	[ "7", "71", "713", "7132" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Building and Related Trades Workers (excluding Electricians)", "Painters, Building Structure Cleaners and Related Trades Workers", "Spray Painters and Varnishers" ]	7132.2	[ "marine vessel painter", "anti- corrosion surface treatment worker", "anti-corrosion paint technician", "surface treatment operative", "surface treatment worker", "ship painter", "vessel painter", "anti- corrosion surface treatment operative", "surface treatment technician", "surface coatings technician", "anti- corrosion surface treatment operator", "surface treatment operator" ]	surface treatment operator	Surface treatment operators apply chemicals and paint to the material surface in order to protect against corrosion. They calculate the materials needed for surface protection.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	31	Science and Engineering Associate Professionals	Science and engineering associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with research and operational methods in science and engineering. They supervise and control technical and operational aspects of mining, manufacturing, construction and other engineering operations, and operate technical equipment including aircraft and ships. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	311	Physical and Engineering Science Technicians	3117	Mining and Metallurgical Technicians	Mining and metallurgical technicians perform technical tasks to assist in research and experiments related to metallurgy, in improving methods of extracting solid minerals, oil and gas, and in the design, construction, operation, maintenance and repair of mines and mine installations, of systems for transporting and storing oil and natural gas, and for extraction of metals from ores.	[ "3", "31", "311", "3117" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Science and Engineering Associate Professionals", "Physical and Engineering Science Technicians", "Mining and Metallurgical Technicians" ]	3117.3	[ "metallurgy test technician", "mining technician", "minerals technician", "quality technician, metals", "metallurgy technician", "metallurgical technician", "development metallurgist", "metallurgical research technician", "metallurgist", "metallurgy research technician", "metallurgical test technician", "extraction technician", "laboratory metallurgist", "metallurgy quality technician", "metallurgical quality technician" ]	metallurgical technician	Metallurgical technicians provide technical support in researching and performing experiments on minerals, metals, alloys, oil and gas. They also assist in improving the methods of extraction.	en
55	Services And Sales Workers	Service and sales workers provide personal and protective services related to travel, housekeeping, catering, personal care, or protection against fire and unlawful acts, or demonstrate and sell goods in wholesale or retail shops and similar establishments, as well as at stalls and on markets. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	52	Sales Workers	Sales workers sell and demonstrate goods in wholesale or retail shops, at stalls and markets, door-to-door, via telephone or customer contact centres. They may record and accept payment for goods and services purchased, and may operate small retail outlets. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	524	Other Sales Workers	5249	Sales Workers Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group includes sales workers not classified elsewhere in Sub -major Group 52: Sales Workers.	[ "5", "52", "524", "5249" ]	[ "Services And Sales Workers", "Sales Workers", "Other Sales Workers", "Sales Workers Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	5249.2.1.1	[ "rental advisor in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service supervisor in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales desk supervisor in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales assistant in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service team leader in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales desk clerk in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales manager in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales desk agent in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service desk clerk in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales worker in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service manager in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales team leader in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service representative in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental sales supervisor in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service worker in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service assistant in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental specialist in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service desk supervisor in agricultural machinery and equipment", "rental service desk agent in agricultural machinery and equipment" ]	rental service representative in agricultural machinery and equipment	Rental service representatives in agricultural machinery and equipment are in charge of renting out equipment and determining specific periods of usage. They document transactions, insurances and payments.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	332	Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers	3324	Trade Brokers	Trade brokers buy and sell commodities and shipping services, usually in bulk, on behalf of their own company or for customers on a commission basis.	[ "3", "33", "332", "3324" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers", "Trade Brokers" ]	3324.4.33	[ "senior wholesale merchant in waste and scrap", "business to business sales consultant in waste and scrap", "business to business seller in waste and scrap", "wholesale buyer in waste and scrap", "trainee wholesale merchant in waste and scrap", "wholesale trader in waste and scrap", "wholesale merchant in waste and scrap", "graduate wholesale merchant in waste and scrap", "wholesaler in waste and scrap", "assistant wholesale merchant in waste and scrap", "wholesale merchandiser in waste and scrap", "B2B sales consultant in waste and scrap" ]	wholesale merchant in waste and scrap	Wholesale merchants in waste and scrap investigate potential wholesale buyers and suppliers and match their needs. They conclude trades involving large quantities of goods.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	72	Metal, Machinery and Related Trades Workers	Metal, machinery and related trades workers cast, weld, forge and, by other methods, form metal; erect, maintain and repair heavy metal structures; engage in machine-tool setting as well as in fitting, maintaining and repairing machinery, including engines, vehicles, or they produce tools and various non-precious-metal articles. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organisation, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	722	Blacksmiths, Toolmakers and Related Trades Workers	7223	Metal Working Machine Tool Setters and Operators	Metal working machine tool setters and operators set and/or operate various machine tools, working to fine tolerances.	[ "7", "72", "722", "7223" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Metal, Machinery and Related Trades Workers", "Blacksmiths, Toolmakers and Related Trades Workers", "Metal Working Machine Tool Setters and Operators" ]	7223.14	[ "welder fabricator installer", "structural and ornamental metalwork steel fabricator", "Structural and ornamental metalwork copper fabricator", "ornamental metal worker", "ornamental metalwork metal fabricator", "precision structural steel fitter", "structural and ornamental metalwork metal fabricator", "welder fabricator", "precision structural metal fitter" ]	ornamental metal worker	Ornamental metal workers use finishing equipment and machinery to shape and finish fabricated ornamental metal workpieces, often used for the installation process in construction, such as railings, staircases, open steel flooring, fences and gates, and others.	en
11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	13	Production and Specialized Services Managers	Production and specialized services managers plan direct and coordinate the production of the goods and the provision of the specialized professional and technical services provided by an enterprise or organization either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers. They are responsible for manufacturing, mining, construction, logistics, information and communications technology operations, for large scale agricultural, forestry and fisheries operations, and for the provision of health, education, social welfare, banking, insurance and other professional and technical services. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	132	Manufacturing, Mining, Construction and Distribution Managers	1324	Supply, Distribution and Related Managers	Supply, distribution and related managers plan, direct and coordinate passenger transportation systems and facilities and the supply, transportation, storage and distribution of goods, either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers.	[ "1", "13", "132", "1324" ]	[ "Managers", "Production and Specialized Services Managers", "Manufacturing, Mining, Construction and Distribution Managers", "Supply, Distribution and Related Managers" ]	1324.3.2.6	[ "senior import export manager in clothing and footwear", "graduate export manager in clothing and footwear", "import export manager in clothing and footwear", "trainee export manager in clothing and footwear", "international trade compliance manager in clothing and footwear", "graduate import export manager in clothing and footwear", "assistant import manager in clothing and footwear", "graduate import manager in clothing and footwear", "customs compliance manager in clothing and footwear", "trainee import export manager in clothing and footwear", "trainee import manager in clothing and footwear", "senior export manager in clothing and footwear", "assistant export manager in clothing and footwear", "senior import manager in clothing and footwear", "international trade manager in clothing and footwear", "assistant import export manager in clothing and footwear" ]	import export manager in clothing and footwear	Import export managers in clothing and footwear install and maintain procedures for cross-border business, coordinating internal and external parties.	en
00	Armed Forces Occupations	Armed forces occupations include all jobs held by members of the armed forces. Members of the armed forces are those personnel who are currently serving in the armed forces, including auxiliary services, whether on a voluntary or compulsory basis, and who are not free to accept civilian employment and are subject to military discipline. Included are regular members of the army, navy, air force and other military services, as well as conscripts enrolled for military training or other service for a specified period.	02	Non-commissioned Armed Forces Officers	Non-commissioned armed forces officers enforce military discipline and supervise the activities of those employed in Sub-major Group 03: Armed Forces Occupations, Other Ranks, and/or perform similar tasks to those performed in a variety of civilian occupations outside the armed forces. This group includes members of the armed forces holding ranks such as sergeant, warrant officer and sergeant major. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	021	Non-commissioned Armed Forces Officers	0210	Non-commissioned Armed Forces Officers	Non-commissioned armed forces officers enforce military discipline and supervise the activities of those employed in Sub-major Group 03: Armed Forces Occupations, Other Ranks, and/or perform similar tasks to those performed in a variety of civilian occupations outside the armed forces. This group includes members of the armed forces holding ranks such as sergeant, warrant officer and sergeant major.	[ "0", "02", "021", "0210" ]	[ "Armed Forces Occupations", "Non-commissioned Armed Forces Officers", "Non-commissioned Armed Forces Officers", "Non-commissioned Armed Forces Officers" ]	0210.1	[ "special forces corporal", "regimental corporal", "corporal", "lance corporal", "batallion corporal", "master corporal", "army corporal", "royal marines corporal", "armed forces corporal" ]	army corporal	Army corporals supervise sections of soldiers and perform instruction duties. They also command equipment such as heavy machinery and weaponry.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	83	Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators	Drivers and mobile plant operators drive and tend trains and motor vehicles, or drive, operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment, or execute deck duties on board ship and other water-borne craft. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	834	Mobile Plant Operators	8343	Crane, Hoist and Related Plant Operators	Crane, hoist and related plant operators operate and monitor stationary and mobile cranes and other hoisting equipment.	[ "8", "83", "834", "8343" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators", "Mobile Plant Operators", "Crane, Hoist and Related Plant Operators" ]	8343.2	[ "dock crane operator", "straddle crane operator", "container crane operator", "crane driver", "operator of container crane", "ship crane operator", "dockside crane operator", "shipping container crane operator" ]	container crane operator	Container crane operators operate electrically powered cranes equipped with cantilevers on which hoisting gear is supported to load or unload container cargo. They move towers in position alongside vessel and lower cantilevers over the deck or hold of a vessel. They lift and move containers along the cantilever and position the container on the dock, on the vessel deck or in the hold.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	21	Science and Engineering Professionals	Science and engineering professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods, or apply scientific knowledge relating to fields such as physics, astronomy, meteorology, chemistry, geophysics, geology, biology, ecology, pharmacology, medicine, mathematics, statistics, architecture, engineering, design and technology. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	213	Life Science Professionals	2131	Biologists, Botanists, Zoologists and Related Professionals	Biologists, botanists, zoologists and related professionals study living organisms and their interactions with each other and with the environment, and apply this knowledge to solve human health and environmental problems. They work in diverse fields such as botany, zoology, ecology, marine biology, genetics, immunology, pharmacology, toxicology, physiology, bacteriology and virology.	[ "2", "21", "213", "2131" ]	[ "Professionals", "Science and Engineering Professionals", "Life Science Professionals", "Biologists, Botanists, Zoologists and Related Professionals" ]	2131.8.2	[ "cervical cytology screener", "screener in cytology", "cytoscreener", "specialist cytology screener", "cytotechnologist", "expert cytology screener", "cytology screener", "cytology practitioner", "senior cytology screener" ]	cytology screener	Cytology screeners examine under a miscrocope samples of human cells obtained from various body parts such as the female reproductive tract, the lung or gastrointestinal tract, assist in identifying cell abnormality and disease such as cancer or infectious agents under supervision, following the orders of the doctor of medicine. The abnormal cells are being transferred to the pathologist for medical diagnosis. They may also work under the supervision of a biomedical scientist. They do not treat patients or assist in medical treatments.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	75	Food Processing, Woodworking, Garment and Other Craft and Related Trades Workers	Food processing, woodworking, garment and other craft and related trades workers treat and process agricultural and fisheries raw materials into food and other products, and produce and repair goods made of wood, textiles, fur, leather or other materials. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organization, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	751	Food Processing and Related Trades Workers	7515	Food and Beverage Tasters and Graders	Food and beverage tasters and graders inspect, taste and grade various types of agricultural products, food and beverages.	[ "7", "75", "751", "7515" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Food Processing, Woodworking, Garment and Other Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Food Processing and Related Trades Workers", "Food and Beverage Tasters and Graders" ]	7515.5	[ "master coffee roaster" ]	master coffee roaster	Master coffee roasters design new coffee styles and ensure the quality of blends and recipes pragmatically. They write blending formulas to guide workers who prepare coffee blends for commercial purposes.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	31	Science and Engineering Associate Professionals	Science and engineering associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with research and operational methods in science and engineering. They supervise and control technical and operational aspects of mining, manufacturing, construction and other engineering operations, and operate technical equipment including aircraft and ships. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	311	Physical and Engineering Science Technicians	3119	Physical and Engineering Science Technicians Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers physical and engineering science technicians not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 311: Physical and Engineering Science Technicians. For instance, the unit group includes those who assist scientists and engineers engaged in developing procedures or conducting research on safety, biomedical, environmental or industrial and production engineering.	[ "3", "31", "311", "3119" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Science and Engineering Associate Professionals", "Physical and Engineering Science Technicians", "Physical and Engineering Science Technicians Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	3119.16.4	[ "leather goods quality technologist", "leather goods quality engineer", "quality technologist", "leather goods quality technician", "leather goods quality specialist" ]	leather goods quality technician	Leather goods quality technicians perform tasks related to quality control. As such, they execute laboratory tests (finished products, used materials and components) according to the national and international standards. They analyse and interpret the results of the laboratory tests, prepare reports, advise on corrective and preventive measures. All in all, they contribute to the accomplishment of requirements and objectives with the aim of continuous improvement and customer satisfaction.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	813	Chemical and Photographic Products Plant and Machine Operators	8131	Chemical Products Plant and Machine Operators	Chemical products plant and machine operators operate and monitor units and machinery to blend, mix, process and package a wide range of chemical products.	[ "8", "81", "813", "8131" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Chemical and Photographic Products Plant and Machine Operators", "Chemical Products Plant and Machine Operators" ]	8131.4	[ "cosmetics production machine operator", "cosmetics production machine tender", "cosmetics production machine worker", "cosmetics production operative", "cosmetics factory worker", "cosmetics production operator", "cosmetics plant worker", "cosmetics production worker", "cosmetics production machine operative" ]	cosmetics production machine operator	Cosmetics production machine operators tend machinery for the manufacturing of cosmetic products by setting up the machines and tools, cleaning and maintaining the equipment and abiding by the production schedule.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	75	Food Processing, Woodworking, Garment and Other Craft and Related Trades Workers	Food processing, woodworking, garment and other craft and related trades workers treat and process agricultural and fisheries raw materials into food and other products, and produce and repair goods made of wood, textiles, fur, leather or other materials. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organization, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	753	Garment and Related Trades Workers	7536	Shoemakers and Related Workers	Shoemakers and related workers make, modify and repair standard, custom or orthopaedic footwear and natural or synthetic leather articles, such as luggage, handbags and belts, (except for leather garments, hats and gloves), or participate in the manufacture of shoes and related goods. They decorate, reinforce or finish shoes, luggage, handbags and belts.	[ "7", "75", "753", "7536" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Food Processing, Woodworking, Garment and Other Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Garment and Related Trades Workers", "Shoemakers and Related Workers" ]	7536.1.3	[ "leather goods hand stitcher", "leather goods hand sewer", "hand sewer, leather goods" ]	leather goods hand stitcher	Leather goods hand stitchers join the cut pieces of leather and other materials using simple tools such as needles, pliers and scissors to close the product. They also perform hand stitches for decorative purposes.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	816	Food and Related Products Machine Operators	8160	Food and Related Products Machine Operators	Food and related machine operators set, operate and attend machinery used to slaughter animals, trim meat from carcasses, and bake, freeze, heat, crush, mix, blend and otherwise process foodstuffs, beverages and tobacco leaves.	[ "8", "81", "816", "8160" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Food and Related Products Machine Operators", "Food and Related Products Machine Operators" ]	8160.40	[ "chewing gum production operative", "gum sheeting machine operator", "kettle tender", "chewing gum mixer operator", "chewing gum production machinist" ]	kettle tender	Kettle tenders operate machines that mix chewing gum base with sugar or sweetener. They follow procedures to place gum base in containers and then direct it to flow into mixers.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	31	Science and Engineering Associate Professionals	Science and engineering associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with research and operational methods in science and engineering. They supervise and control technical and operational aspects of mining, manufacturing, construction and other engineering operations, and operate technical equipment including aircraft and ships. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	311	Physical and Engineering Science Technicians	3118	Draughtspersons	Draughtspersons prepare technical drawings, maps and illustrations from sketches, measurements and other data, and copy final drawings and paintings onto printing plates.	[ "3", "31", "311", "3118" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Science and Engineering Associate Professionals", "Physical and Engineering Science Technicians", "Draughtspersons" ]	3118.3.10	[ "marine engineering drafting specialist", "marine engineering draughtsperson", "marine drafter", "marine draughtsperson", "marine draughter", "marine engineering drafting expert", "marine engineering drafting adviser", "marine engineering draughter", "marine engineering drafting consultant", "shipbuilding drafter", "marine engineering draftsperson", "marine engineering drafter", "naval engineering drafter", "marine draftsperson" ]	marine engineering drafter	Marine engineering drafters convert the marine engineers’ designs into technical drawings usually using software. Their drawings detail dimensions, fastening and assembling methods and other specifications used in the manufacture of all types of boats from pleasure crafts to naval vessels, including submarines.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	333	Business Services Agents	3331	Clearing and Forwarding Agents	Clearing and forwarding agents carry out customs clearing procedures and ensure that insurance, export/import licences and other formalities are in order.	[ "3", "33", "333", "3331" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Business Services Agents", "Clearing and Forwarding Agents" ]	3331.2.1.11	[ "assistant import export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "senior export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "assistant export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "assistant import specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "customs compliance specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "trainee import specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "import export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "trainee import export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "international trade compliance specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "senior import specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "graduate export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "trainee export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "senior import export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "graduate import export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment", "graduate import specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment" ]	import export specialist in electronic and telecommunications equipment	Import export specialists in electronic and telecommunications equipment have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	21	Science and Engineering Professionals	Science and engineering professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods, or apply scientific knowledge relating to fields such as physics, astronomy, meteorology, chemistry, geophysics, geology, biology, ecology, pharmacology, medicine, mathematics, statistics, architecture, engineering, design and technology. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	214	Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology)	2145	Chemical Engineers	Chemical engineers conduct research and develop, advise on and direct commercial-scale chemical processes and production of various substances and items such as crude oil, petroleum derivatives, food and drink products, medicines, or synthetic materials. They direct maintenance and repair of chemical plant and equipment and study and advise on chemical aspects of particular materials, products or processes.	[ "2", "21", "214", "2145" ]	[ "Professionals", "Science and Engineering Professionals", "Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology)", "Chemical Engineers" ]	2145.1.7	[ "winery cellar master", "wine producer", "oenologist", "wine maker", "wine advisor", "wine production expert", "wine production specialist" ]	oenologist	Oenologists track the wine manufacturing process in its entirety and supervise the workers in wineries. They supervise and coordinate production to ensure the quality of the wine and also give advice by determining the value and classification of wines being produced.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	22	Health Professionals	Health professionals conduct research; improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; and apply scientific knowledge relating to medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary medicine, pharmacy, and promotion of health. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	223	Traditional and Complementary Medicine Professionals	2230	Traditional and Complementary Medicine Professionals	Traditional and complementary medicine professionals examine patients, prevent and treat illness, disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments and maintain general health in humans by applying knowledge, skills and practices acquired through extensive study of the theories, beliefs and experiences, originating in specific cultures	[ "2", "22", "223", "2230" ]	[ "Professionals", "Health Professionals", "Traditional and Complementary Medicine Professionals", "Traditional and Complementary Medicine Professionals" ]	2230.1	[ "aromatherapist", "aromatherapy practitioner", "traditional aromatherapist", "master aromatherapist", "relaxation therapist", "traditional practitioner of aromatherapy", "practitioner of aromatherapy", "aromatherapy specialist", "clinical aromatherapy practitioner", "specialist aromatherapist" ]	aromatherapist	Aromatherapists use essential oils extracted from herbal products at the level of the interface skin and mucous membranes to improve the clients` well-being. They treat a variety of illnesses and physical or psychological conditions, under supervision and on a doctor's order.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	21	Science and Engineering Professionals	Science and engineering professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods, or apply scientific knowledge relating to fields such as physics, astronomy, meteorology, chemistry, geophysics, geology, biology, ecology, pharmacology, medicine, mathematics, statistics, architecture, engineering, design and technology. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	216	Architects, Planners, Surveyors and Designers	2162	Landscape Architects	Landscape architects plan and design landscapes and open spaces for projects such as, parks, schools, institutions, roads, external areas for commercial, industrial and residential sites, and plan and monitor their construction, maintenance and rehabilitation.	[ "2", "21", "216", "2162" ]	[ "Professionals", "Science and Engineering Professionals", "Architects, Planners, Surveyors and Designers", "Landscape Architects" ]	2162.1.1	[ "garden designer", "landscaper", "landscape designer", "landscaping architect", "garden advisor", "landscaping designer", "landscape consultant", "landscape advisor" ]	landscape designer	Landscape designers design and create outdoor public areas, landmarks, structures, parks, gardens and private gardens to achieve environmental, social-behavioral, or aesthetic outcomes.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	332	Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers	3322	Commercial Sales Representatives	Commercial sales representatives represent companies to sell various goods and services to businesses and other organizations and provide product-specific information as required.	[ "3", "33", "332", "3322" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers", "Commercial Sales Representatives" ]	3322.1	[ "technical and commercial sales executive", "territory manager", "commercial sales representative", "sales and marketing consultant", "sales executive", "field sales consultant", "business development representative", "commercial sales consultant", "sales and marketing executive", "field sales executive", "commercial saleswoman", "technical and commercial sales consultant", "commercial sales executive", "commercial salesperson", "field sales representative", "commercial salesman", "technical and commercial sales representative", "sales consultant", "sales representative" ]	commercial sales representative	Commercial sales representatives represent a company in selling and providing information on goods and services to businesses and organisations.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	23	Teaching Professionals	Teaching professionals teach the theory and practice of one or more disciplines at different educational levels; conduct research; improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods pertaining to their particular discipline; and prepare scholarly papers and books. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	231	University and Higher Education Teachers	2310	University and Higher Education Teachers	University and higher education teachers prepare and deliver lectures and conduct tutorials in one or more subjects within a prescribed course of study at a university or other higher educational institution. They conduct research, and prepare scholarly papers and books.	[ "2", "23", "231", "2310" ]	[ "Professionals", "Teaching Professionals", "University and Higher Education Teachers", "University and Higher Education Teachers" ]	2310.2	[ "practice social work educator", "practice placement coordinator", "social work field instructor", "practice placement worker", "practice placement facilitator", "social work practice educator", "practice-based educator", "practice educator" ]	social work practice educator	Social work practice educators teach, supervise and assess social work students prior, during and after they have obtained their degree. They contribute to their placement and have the authority to recommend students on the basis of appropriate evidence.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	73	Handicraft and Printing Workers	Handicraft and printing workers combine artistic and manual skills to design, produce, maintain and decorate precision instruments, musical instruments, jewellery and other precious-metals, pottery, porcelain and glassware, items made of wood or textile, leather or related materials, and printed products such as books, newspapers and magazines. They apply traditional and/or recently developed techniques to carve, mould, assemble, weave and decorate various articles; to compose and set type prior to printing; to set up and operate printing presses; to bind and finish printed products; and to prepare stencils and operate screen printing equipment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work may be carried out by hand or involve the use of hand tools, hand-held power tools and in some cases the set-up and operation of machinery and machine tools. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organisation, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	731	Handicraft Workers	7319	Handicraft Workers Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers handicraft workers who perform traditional handicrafts not classified elsewhere. For instance, the group includes traditional handicraft workers in non-precious metals and stone.	[ "7", "73", "731", "7319" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Handicraft and Printing Workers", "Handicraft Workers", "Handicraft Workers Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	7319.2	[ "archery bows repairer", "sporting goods repairer", "sports equipment technician", "sports equipment repair technician", "camping equipment repair technician", "sporting goods repair technician" ]	sports equipment repair technician	Sports equipment repair technicians maintain and repair recreational sports equipment such as tennis rackets, archery tools and camping equipment. They use specialised hand tools or mechanical tools to restore damaged parts.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	813	Chemical and Photographic Products Plant and Machine Operators	8131	Chemical Products Plant and Machine Operators	Chemical products plant and machine operators operate and monitor units and machinery to blend, mix, process and package a wide range of chemical products.	[ "8", "81", "813", "8131" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Chemical and Photographic Products Plant and Machine Operators", "Chemical Products Plant and Machine Operators" ]	8131.8	[ "pipeline gauger", "rig gauger", "oil refiner", "gager", "oil gauger", "oil well gauger", "refinery gauger", "oil field gauger", "well gauger" ]	gauger	Gaugers test oil during the processing and before dispatch. They control pumping systems and regulate the flow of oil into the pipelines.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	21	Science and Engineering Professionals	Science and engineering professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods, or apply scientific knowledge relating to fields such as physics, astronomy, meteorology, chemistry, geophysics, geology, biology, ecology, pharmacology, medicine, mathematics, statistics, architecture, engineering, design and technology. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	214	Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology)	2146	Mining Engineers, Metallurgists and Related Professionals	Mining engineers, metallurgists and related professionals conduct research on, design, develop and maintain commercial-scale methods of extracting metals from their ores, or minerals, water, oil or gas from the earth, and of developing new alloys, ceramic and other materials, or study and advise on mining or metallurgical aspects of particular materials, products or processes.	[ "2", "21", "214", "2146" ]	[ "Professionals", "Science and Engineering Professionals", "Engineering Professionals (excluding Electrotechnology)", "Mining Engineers, Metallurgists and Related Professionals" ]	2146.3	[ "ordnance engineer", "munitions engineer", "blasting engineer", "explosives engineer" ]	explosives engineer	Explosives engineers design drilling patterns and determine the amount of explosives required. They organise and supervise controlled blasts and report and investigate misfires. They manage explosives magazines.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	332	Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers	3324	Trade Brokers	Trade brokers buy and sell commodities and shipping services, usually in bulk, on behalf of their own company or for customers on a commission basis.	[ "3", "33", "332", "3324" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers", "Trade Brokers" ]	3324.4.4	[ "wholesale merchandiser in chemical products", "graduate wholesale merchant in chemical products", "senior wholesale merchant in chemical products", "wholesaler in chemical products", "wholesale trader in chemical products", "wholesale buyer in chemical products", "wholesale merchant in chemical products", "B2B sales consultant in chemical products", "business to business sales consultant in chemical products", "assistant wholesale merchant in chemical products", "trainee wholesale merchant in chemical products", "business to business seller in chemical products" ]	wholesale merchant in chemical products	Wholesale merchants in chemical products investigate potential wholesale buyers and suppliers and match their needs. They conclude trades involving large quantities of goods.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	21	Science and Engineering Professionals	Science and engineering professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods, or apply scientific knowledge relating to fields such as physics, astronomy, meteorology, chemistry, geophysics, geology, biology, ecology, pharmacology, medicine, mathematics, statistics, architecture, engineering, design and technology. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	215	Electrotechnology Engineers	2151	Electrical Engineers	Electrical engineers conduct research and advise on, design and direct the construction and operation of electrical systems, components, motors and equipment, and advise on and direct their functioning, maintenance and repair, or study and advise on technological aspects of electrical engineering materials, products and processes.	[ "2", "21", "215", "2151" ]	[ "Professionals", "Science and Engineering Professionals", "Electrotechnology Engineers", "Electrical Engineers" ]	2151.1.6	[ "sub stations engineer", "substation technology engineer", "substation technology engineering expert", "substation technology engineering consultant", "substation engineering expert", "sub station engineer", "substation engineer", "sub-stations engineer", "substation engineering specialist", "substation engineering adviser", "substation engineering consultant", "sub-station engineer", "substations engineer", "substation technology engineering adviser", "substation technology engineering specialist" ]	substation engineer	Substation engineers design medium and high voltage substations used for the transmission, distribution, and generation of electrical energy. They develop methods for the efficient operation of the energy process, and ensure compliance to safety and environmental standards.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	815	Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators	8159	Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers textile, fur and leather products machine operators not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 815: Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators. For instance, the group includes those engaged in operating and monitoring machines which make hats, tents, mattresses or miscellaneous articles such as braids or other trimmings.	[ "8", "81", "815", "8159" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators", "Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	8159.2	[ "cable-braiding technician", "braiding department manager", "braiding textile technician", "textile braiding operator", "braiding technician", "braiding machine setter", "braiding textile setter", "braiding machine tender" ]	braiding textile technician	Braiding textile technicians perform operations related to setting up the braiding process.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	815	Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators	8159	Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers textile, fur and leather products machine operators not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 815: Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators. For instance, the group includes those engaged in operating and monitoring machines which make hats, tents, mattresses or miscellaneous articles such as braids or other trimmings.	[ "8", "81", "815", "8159" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators", "Textile, Fur and Leather Products Machine Operators Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	8159.5	[ "mattress making machine operative", "mattress making machine worker", "mattress factory machine operator", "mattress forming machine operative", "mattress factory machine worker", "mattress factory operative", "mattress factory worker", "mattress forming machine setter", "mattress making machine setter", "mattress making machine operator" ]	mattress making machine operator	Mattress making machine operators utilise machines to form mattresses. They create pads and coverings and cut, spread and attach the padding and cover material over the innerspring assemblies.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	82	Assemblers	Assemblers assemble prefabricated parts or components to form subassemblies, products and equipment, according to procedures strictly laid down. The products worked on may be moved from one worker to the next along assembly lines. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	821	Assemblers	8211	Mechanical Machinery Assemblers	Mechanical machinery assemblers assemble, according to procedures strictly laid down, component parts of mechanical machinery such as engines, motor vehicles, turbines and aircraft.	[ "8", "82", "821", "8211" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Assemblers", "Assemblers", "Mechanical Machinery Assemblers" ]	8211.3	[ "mechatronics installer", "mechatronic equipment production assembler", "mechatronics assembler", "mechatronics fitter", "robotic equipment inspector", "robotic equipment supervisor", "mechatronic equipment repairer", "mechatronic equipment inspector", "robotic fitter", "robotic equipment operator", "mechatronic equipment supervisor", "assembler in mechatronic equipment manufacture", "robotic assembler", "mechatronic installer", "assembler of mechatronic equipment", "mechatronic equipment constructor", "robotic equipment repairer", "mechatronic equipment fabricator", "mechatronic equipment operator", "mechatronic assembly technician", "mechatronic equipment assembler", "constructor of mechatronic equipment", "mechatronics fabricator" ]	mechatronics assembler	Mechatronics assemblers assemble and maintain complex mechatronic equipment and machines, such as robots, elevators, and advanced home appliances. They build the mechanical, electrical, and electronic components, install software, set the systems in operation, and maintain and repair the components and systems.	en
22	Professionals	Professionals increase the existing stock of knowledge; apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories; teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner; or engage in any combination of these activities. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	26	Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals	Legal, social and cultural professionals conduct research, improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; or apply knowledge relating to the law, storage and retrieval of information and artefacts, psychology, social welfare, politics, economics, history, religion, languages, sociology, other social sciences, and arts and entertainment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	265	Creative and Performing Artists	2651	Visual Artists	Visual artists create and execute works of art by sculpting, painting, drawing, creating cartoons, engraving or using other techniques.	[ "2", "26", "265", "2651" ]	[ "Professionals", "Legal, Social and Cultural Professionals", "Creative and Performing Artists", "Visual Artists" ]	2651.4	[ "artistic ceramicist", "ceramics designer and maker", "ceramics maker and designer", "ceramics artist", "ceramist", "ceramics designer & maker", "ceramicist", "ceramics maker & designer" ]	ceramicist	Ceramicist have an in-depth knowledge of materials and the relevant know-how to develop their own methods of expression and personal projects through ceramic. Their creations can include ceramic sculptures, jewellery, domestic and commercial tablewares and kitchenwares, giftware, garden ceramics, wall and floor tiles.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	31	Science and Engineering Associate Professionals	Science and engineering associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with research and operational methods in science and engineering. They supervise and control technical and operational aspects of mining, manufacturing, construction and other engineering operations, and operate technical equipment including aircraft and ships. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	314	Life Science Technicians and Related Associate Professionals	3143	Forestry Technicians	Forestry technicians perform technical and supervisory functions in support of forestry research and forest management, harvesting, resource conservation and environmental protection.	[ "3", "31", "314", "3143" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Science and Engineering Associate Professionals", "Life Science Technicians and Related Associate Professionals", "Forestry Technicians" ]	3143.1	[ "forestry operations foreman", "forestry operations technician", "forestry technician", "forestry foreman", "foresty supervisor", "forestry technologist", "forestry operations technologist", "forestry operations supervisor", "forestry operations forewoman", "forestry forewoman" ]	forestry technician	Forestry technicians assist and support the forest manager and implement their decisions. They supervise a team of forestry equipment operators and support and supervise forestry and environmental protection through research and data collection. They also manage resource conservation and harvesting plans.	en
99	Elementary Occupations	Elementary occupations involve the performance of simple and routine tasks which may require the use of hand-held tools and considerable physical effort. Most occupations in this major group require skills at the first ISCO skill level.	92	Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Labourers	Agricultural, forestry and fishery labourers perform simple and routine tasks in the production of crops and livestock, cultivation and maintenance of gardens and parks, exploitation and conservation of forests, and conduct of aquaculture and fisheries operations. Most occupations in this sub-major group require skills at the first ISCO skill level.	921	Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Labourers	9212	Livestock Farm Labourers	Livestock farm labourers perform simple and routine tasks in farm production of animals, including poultry and insects.	[ "9", "92", "921", "9212" ]	[ "Elementary Occupations", "Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Labourers", "Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Labourers", "Livestock Farm Labourers" ]	9212.3	[ "stud hand", "trek assistant", "jockey", "groom", "riding coach", "horse groom" ]	groom	Grooms provide practical daily horse care to ensure the horses health, welfare and safety. They take part in exercising horses, cleaning and maintaining the stables, buildings and territory.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	71	Building and Related Trades Workers (excluding Electricians)	Building and related trades workers construct, maintain and repair buildings, erect and repair foundations, walls and structures of brick, stone and similar materials; shape and finish stone for building and other purposes. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organization, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	713	Painters, Building Structure Cleaners and Related Trades Workers	7133	Building Structure Cleaners	Building structure cleaners clean exterior surfaces of buildings and other structures, and remove soot from chimneys.	[ "7", "71", "713", "7133" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Building and Related Trades Workers (excluding Electricians)", "Painters, Building Structure Cleaners and Related Trades Workers", "Building Structure Cleaners" ]	7133.1	[ "asbestos abatement team operative", "asbestos worker", "hazardous material abatement worker", "asbestos removal team worker", "asbestos abatement operative", "asbestos removal team operative", "hazardous material removal worker", "asbestos abatement worker", "hazardous materials removal worker", "asbestos operative", "asbestos removal operative", "asbestos abatement team worker", "asbestos abatement advisor", "asbestos abatement assessor", "asbestos contamination assessor" ]	asbestos abatement worker	Asbestos abatement workers remove asbestos from buildings and other constructions, compliant with health and safety regulations concerning the handling of hazardous materials. They investigate the intensity of the asbestos contamination, prepare the structure for removal, and prevent contamination of other areas.	en
11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	13	Production and Specialized Services Managers	Production and specialized services managers plan direct and coordinate the production of the goods and the provision of the specialized professional and technical services provided by an enterprise or organization either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers. They are responsible for manufacturing, mining, construction, logistics, information and communications technology operations, for large scale agricultural, forestry and fisheries operations, and for the provision of health, education, social welfare, banking, insurance and other professional and technical services. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	132	Manufacturing, Mining, Construction and Distribution Managers	1324	Supply, Distribution and Related Managers	Supply, distribution and related managers plan, direct and coordinate passenger transportation systems and facilities and the supply, transportation, storage and distribution of goods, either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers.	[ "1", "13", "132", "1324" ]	[ "Managers", "Production and Specialized Services Managers", "Manufacturing, Mining, Construction and Distribution Managers", "Supply, Distribution and Related Managers" ]	1324.5	[ "film distribution agent", "television series distributor", "motion picture distribution agent", "distribution agent", "television distribution agent", "movie distribution agent", "film distributor", "movie distributor", "motion picture distributor" ]	movie distributor	Movie distributors are responsible for the coordination of the distribution of motion pictures and television series. They also oversee the sale of these movies on DVD, Blu ray and on other media.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	83	Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators	Drivers and mobile plant operators drive and tend trains and motor vehicles, or drive, operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment, or execute deck duties on board ship and other water-borne craft. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	834	Mobile Plant Operators	8344	Lifting Truck Operators	Lifting-truck operators drive, operate and monitor lifting trucks or similar vehicles to transport, lift and stack pallets with goods.	[ "8", "83", "834", "8344" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators", "Mobile Plant Operators", "Lifting Truck Operators" ]	8344.1	[ "forklift operator", "warehouse forklift operator", "warehouse forklift driver", "warehouse material handler", "order picker driver", "forklift truck operator", "operator of forklift trucks", "forklift driver" ]	forklift operator	Forklift operators are responsible for operating forklifts to move, locate, relocate, stack, and count merchandise. They are accountable for the safe and efﬁcient operation of forklifts. Moreover, they perform the filling of orders and check the accuracy of other orders.	en
11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	14	Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers	Hospitality, shop and related services managers plan, organize and direct the operations of establishments which provide accommodation, hospitality, retail and other services. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	143	Other Services Managers	1439	Services Managers Not Elsewhere Classified	This unit group covers managers that plan, direct and coordinate the provision of services and are not classified in Sub-major Group 13: Production and Specialized Services Managers or elsewhere in Sub-major Group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers. For instance, managers of travel agencies, conference centres, contact centres and shopping centres are classified here.	[ "1", "14", "143", "1439" ]	[ "Managers", "Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers", "Other Services Managers", "Services Managers Not Elsewhere Classified" ]	1439.4	[ "automotive repair shop manager", "car shop repair service director", "garage manager", "car repair shop director", "motor vehicle repair shop director", "motor vehicle repair shop coordinator", "auto shop service manager", "car workshop manager", "motor vehicle repair shop manager" ]	garage manager	Garage managers oversee the work of road vehicle mechanics and administrative personnel. They organise the daily work and deal with clients.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	332	Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers	3324	Trade Brokers	Trade brokers buy and sell commodities and shipping services, usually in bulk, on behalf of their own company or for customers on a commission basis.	[ "3", "33", "332", "3324" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Sales and Purchasing Agents and Brokers", "Trade Brokers" ]	3324.4.23	[ "business to business sales consultant in metals and metal ores", "wholesale merchandiser in metals and metal ores", "trainee wholesale merchant in metals and metal ores", "graduate wholesale merchant in metals and metal ores", "wholesaler in metals and metal ores", "wholesale trader in metals and metal ores", "wholesale buyer in metals and metal ores", "assistant wholesale merchant in metals and metal ores", "wholesale merchant in metals and metal ores", "senior wholesale merchant in metals and metal ores", "business to business seller in metals and metal ores", "B2B sales consultant in metals and metal ores" ]	wholesale merchant in metals and metal ores	Wholesale merchants in metals and metal ores investigate potential wholesale buyers and suppliers and match their needs. They conclude trades involving large quantities of goods.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	34	Legal, Social, Cultural and Related Associate Professionals	Legal, social, cultural and related associate professionals perform technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to legal services, social work, culture, food preparation, sport and religion. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	343	Artistic, Cultural and Culinary Associate Professionals	3435	Other Artistic and Cultural Associate Professionals	This unit group covers artistic and cultural associate professionals not classified elsewhere in Minor Group 343: Artistic, Cultural and Culinary Associate Professionals. For instance, those who assist directors or actors with staging of theatrical, motion picture, television or commercial productions are classified here.	[ "3", "34", "343", "3435" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Legal, Social, Cultural and Related Associate Professionals", "Artistic, Cultural and Culinary Associate Professionals", "Other Artistic and Cultural Associate Professionals" ]	3435.2	[ "director's right hand man", "director's right-hand person", "assistant director", "assistant video and motion picture director", "second assistant director", "assistant motion picture director", "assistant video director", "first assistant director", "director's right hand woman", "third assistant director", "director's right-hand man", "director's right-hand woman", "director's right hand person" ]	assistant video and motion picture director	Assistant video and motion picture directors are responsible for the organisation, scheduling and planning of the cast, crew and activities on a set. They assist the video and motion picture directors, maintain budgets and ensure that all production activities go according to schedule.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	333	Business Services Agents	3331	Clearing and Forwarding Agents	Clearing and forwarding agents carry out customs clearing procedures and ensure that insurance, export/import licences and other formalities are in order.	[ "3", "33", "333", "3331" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Business Services Agents", "Clearing and Forwarding Agents" ]	3331.2.1.24	[ "trainee export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "assistant export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "assistant import specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "import export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "graduate import export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "senior export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "senior import export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "trainee import specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "graduate export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "graduate import specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "customs compliance specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "senior import specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "international trade compliance specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "assistant import export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery", "trainee import export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery" ]	import export specialist in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery	Import export specialists in mining, construction, civil engineering machinery have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.	en
11	Managers	Managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level, except for Sub-major group 14: Hospitality, Retail and Other Services Managers, for which skills at the third ISCO skill level are generally required.	13	Production and Specialized Services Managers	Production and specialized services managers plan direct and coordinate the production of the goods and the provision of the specialized professional and technical services provided by an enterprise or organization either as the manager of a department or as the general manager of an enterprise or organization that does not have a hierarchy of managers. They are responsible for manufacturing, mining, construction, logistics, information and communications technology operations, for large scale agricultural, forestry and fisheries operations, and for the provision of health, education, social welfare, banking, insurance and other professional and technical services. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the fourth ISCO skill level.	134	Professional Services Managers	1345	Education Managers	Education managers plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the educational and administrative aspects of education services, primary and secondary schools, colleges and faculties and departments in universities and other educational institutions.	[ "1", "13", "134", "1345" ]	[ "Managers", "Production and Specialized Services Managers", "Professional Services Managers", "Education Managers" ]	1345.1.8	[ "high school director", "head of secondary school", "secondary school headmaster", "secondary school principal", "secondary school headteacher", "secondary school director", "head teacher of secondary school", "high school principal", "high school head teacher", "headteacher of secondary school", "secondary school head" ]	secondary school head teacher	Secondary school head teachers are responsible for meeting curriculum standards, which facilitate academic development for the students. They manage staff, working closely with the different department heads, and evaluate the subject teachers in a timely manner in order to secure optimal class performance. They also ensure the school meets the national education requirements set by law and cooperate with local communities and governments. They may also work in vocational schools.	en
88	Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers	Plant and machine operators, and assemblers operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment on the spot or by remote control; drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment; or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of industrial and agricultural machinery and equipment as well as an ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to technological innovations.	81	Stationary Plant and Machine Operators	Stationary plant and machine operators monitor and operate stationary industrial plant, machinery and equipment, or for which mobility is not an integral part of operation. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work mainly calls for experience with and an understanding of the industrial plant, machinery or equipment being operated and monitored. Ability to cope with machine-paced operations and to adapt to innovations in machinery and equipment is often required.	816	Food and Related Products Machine Operators	8160	Food and Related Products Machine Operators	Food and related machine operators set, operate and attend machinery used to slaughter animals, trim meat from carcasses, and bake, freeze, heat, crush, mix, blend and otherwise process foodstuffs, beverages and tobacco leaves.	[ "8", "81", "816", "8160" ]	[ "Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers", "Stationary Plant and Machine Operators", "Food and Related Products Machine Operators", "Food and Related Products Machine Operators" ]	8160.45	[ "flour miller", "miller", "flour mill worker", "grain mill worker", "grain miller" ]	miller	Millers tend mills to grind cereal crops to obtain flour. They regulate the flow of materials that go into mills and adjust the grind to a specified fineness. They ensure basic maintenance and cleaning of equipments. They evaluate sample of product to verify fineness of grind.	en
33	Technicians and Associate Professionals	Technicians and associate professionals perform technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	33	Business and Administration Associate Professionals	Business and administration associate professionals perform mostly technical tasks connected with the practical application of knowledge relating to financial accounting and transaction matters, mathematical calculations, human resource development, selling and buying financial instruments, specialized secretarial tasks, and enforcing or applying government rules. Also included are workers who provide business services such as customs clearance, conference planning, job placements, buying and selling real estate or bulk commodities, and serving as agents for performers such as athletes and artists. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the third ISCO skill level.	333	Business Services Agents	3331	Clearing and Forwarding Agents	Clearing and forwarding agents carry out customs clearing procedures and ensure that insurance, export/import licences and other formalities are in order.	[ "3", "33", "333", "3331" ]	[ "Technicians and Associate Professionals", "Business and Administration Associate Professionals", "Business Services Agents", "Clearing and Forwarding Agents" ]	3331.2.1.29	[ "graduate import specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "trainee export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "senior import specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "trainee import export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "international trade compliance specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "assistant export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "assistant import export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "assistant import specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "senior export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "graduate import export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "senior import export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "graduate export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "trainee import specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "customs compliance specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery", "import export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery" ]	import export specialist in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery	Import export specialists in sugar, chocolate and sugar confectionery have and apply deep knowledge of import and export goods including customs clearance and documentation.	en
77	Craft and Related Trades Workers	Craft and related trades workers apply specific technical and practical knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings; form metal; erect metal structures; set machine tools or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools; carry out printing work; and produce or process foodstuffs, textiles and wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work is carried out by hand and by hand-powered and other tools which are used to reduce the amount of physical effort and time required for specific tasks, as well as to improve the quality of the products. The tasks call for an understanding of all stages of the production process, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	73	Handicraft and Printing Workers	Handicraft and printing workers combine artistic and manual skills to design, produce, maintain and decorate precision instruments, musical instruments, jewellery and other precious-metals, pottery, porcelain and glassware, items made of wood or textile, leather or related materials, and printed products such as books, newspapers and magazines. They apply traditional and/or recently developed techniques to carve, mould, assemble, weave and decorate various articles; to compose and set type prior to printing; to set up and operate printing presses; to bind and finish printed products; and to prepare stencils and operate screen printing equipment. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level. The work may be carried out by hand or involve the use of hand tools, hand-held power tools and in some cases the set-up and operation of machinery and machine tools. The tasks call for an understanding of the work organisation, the materials and tools used, and the nature and purpose of the final product.	731	Handicraft Workers	7318	Handicraft Workers in Textile, Leather and Related Materials	Handicraft workers in textile, leather and related materials apply traditional techniques and patterns to produce woven fabrics, knitted, embroidered, woven and other garments and articles for household use, as well as traditional footwear, handbags, belts and other accessories.	[ "7", "73", "731", "7318" ]	[ "Craft and Related Trades Workers", "Handicraft and Printing Workers", "Handicraft Workers", "Handicraft Workers in Textile, Leather and Related Materials" ]	7318.5	[ "leather artisan", "leather craft worker", "leather goods artisanal worker", "bespoke leather craftswoman", "leather repair worker", "leather articles artisanal worker", "leather craftsman", "leather craftswoman", "leatherwear artisanal worker", "bespoke leather craftsman", "leather accessories artisanal worker", "luxury leather artisan" ]	leather goods artisanal worker	Leather goods artisanal workers manufacture leather goods or parts of leather goods by hand according to the specifications of the customer or their own design. They do repairs of leather goods such as shoes, bags and gloves.	en
66	Skilled Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers	Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers grow and harvest field or tree and shrub crops, gather wild fruits and plants, breed, tend or hunt animals, produce a variety of animal husbandry products; cultivate, conserve and exploit forests; breed or catch fish; and cultivate or gather other forms of aquatic life in order to provide food, shelter and income for themselves and their households. Competent performance in most occupations in this major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	61	Market-oriented Skilled Agricultural Workers	Market-oriented skilled agricultural workers plan, organize and perform farming operations to grow and harvest field or tree and shrub crops and produce a variety of animals and animal products for sale or delivery on a regular basis to wholesale buyers, marketing organisations or at markets. Competent performance in most occupations in this sub-major group requires skills at the second ISCO skill level.	611	Market Gardeners and Crop Growers	6113	Gardeners; Horticultural and Nursery Growers	Gardeners, horticultural and nursery growers plan, organize and perform operations to cultivate and maintain trees, shrubs, flowers and other plants in parks and private gardens, and to produce saplings, bulbs and seeds or grow vegetables and flowers by intensive cultivation techniques, for sale or delivery on a regular basis to wholesale buyers, marketing organizations or at markets.	[ "6", "61", "611", "6113" ]	[ "Skilled Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers", "Market-oriented Skilled Agricultural Workers", "Market Gardeners and Crop Growers", "Gardeners; Horticultural and Nursery Growers" ]	6113.6	[ "tree surgeon/climber", "tree pruner", "tree surgeon & climber", "pruner", "tree surgeon", "arboriculturist", "tree surgeon and climber", "arborist" ]	tree surgeon	Tree surgeons maintain trees. They use heavy machinery to prune and cut trees. Tree surgeons are often required to climb the trees to perform maintenance.	en

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